What hormone is produced by the pancreas and is responsible for the regulation of blood sugar?

• A. Glucagon
• B. Adrenaline
• C. Insulin
• D. Cortisol

Answer: (C)

Insulin, produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, is the hormone that regulates blood sugar by lowering it. After you eat, rising blood glucose stimulates insulin release. Insulin helps glucose move from the bloodstream into muscle and fat cells and signals the liver to store excess glucose as glycogen, while also reducing new glucose production by the liver. This coordinated action keeps blood sugar within a healthy range. Other hormones can affect glucose levels—glucagon from the pancreas raises blood sugar by triggering glycogen breakdown and glucose production, while adrenaline and cortisol increase glucose during stress or prolonged fasting—but insulin is the pancreatic hormone most directly responsible for lowering and maintaining normal blood glucose.